| Classification and application of emulsifier |
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| Emulsifier is the stabilizer of emulsion and a kind of surfactant. The function of emulsifier is: when it disperses on the surface of the dispersive substance, it forms a thin film or electric double layer, which can make the dispersive phase charged, so that the small droplets of the dispersive phase can be prevented from condensing with each other, and the formed emulsion is relatively stable. Emulsifier type Emulsifier is the key to the stability of emulsion. It can be divided into three categories: surfactant emulsifier, polymer emulsifier and solid powder emulsifier. Here we focus on surfactant emulsifiers Surfactants are widely used and important emulsifiers. Its quantity and variety are incomparable with other emulsifiers. It can be divided into anion, cation and nonion. Anions are widely used, non-ionic surfactants are not afraid of hard water, and are not limited by the pH value of the medium. Emulsifier anionic emulsifiers Generally, as an emulsifier of O / W emulsion, the HLB value is in the range of 8 ~ 18 and the hydrophilicity is strong. There are the following types: carboxylate type, sulfate type, sulfonate type and phosphate type Cationic emulsifier In order to ionize in water to form cationic hydrophilic groups with alkyl or aryl groups. This kind of emulsifier is less variety, are amine derivatives, such as n-dodecyl dimethylamine, can be used for polymerization. Nonionic emulsifier According to the difference of hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, it can be used as emulsifier for O / W and w / O emulsions. The main types are: [ether type] and [ester type] High molecular emulsifier High molecular emulsifier is a kind of surfactant with high molecular weight. Because of its high molecular weight, it can not significantly reduce the interfacial tension, but at the interface of liquid beads, it can form a high mechanical strength interfacial film, and also improve liquid viscosity, so it is an excellent emulsifier. Solid powder emulsifier For example, clay (mainly montmorillonite), silica, metal hydroxide and other powders are o / W emulsifiers; graphite, carbon black and other powders are w / O emulsifiers. Generally, the droplets of emulsion stabilized by solid powder are coarser, but relatively stable. |
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